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Carols and Christmas carols were extremely popular ritual songs among the people. Carols are sung from December 25 to January 7. They were timed to Christmas. And donations - before the New Year (according to the old style - January 14).
Christmas carols are the oldest folklore genre. They preserve the memory of the old tribal era and are associated with the winter turning of the sun into summer, which was called the holiday of Kolyada. It was celebrated on December 25 (old style), when the night was the longest. Nature seemed to freeze at this time. It was believed that the sun was eaten by the evil Korochun - a dark Slavic deity. The goddess of the sky Kolyada was giving birth to a new sun, a little Bozhich.

После этого разыгрывались драмы. Отец брал кутью – символ почитания предков, предков. И с кутью он мог пойти сначала к скоту, прогностическая функция – чтобы был здоровый скот, на будущий урожай. Затем выходил во двор, в некоторых регионах он набирал кутью в рот, а в некоторых – с ложкой углу выходил во двор и звал Мороза. Но, не “дедушку Мороза”, этого советского, а Мороза – как стихию, которая имеет абсолютно отрицательную коннотацию: “Мороз, Мороз иди ко мне кутью есть, а, если не идешь сейчас, то не иди никогда: ни на рожь, ни ни на пшеницу, ни на богатую пашницу”. То есть такое противодействие, чтобы этот Мороз не заморозил ничего. А дети в это время, будто пугались Мороза, прятались где-то под столом, и вообще, когда они прятались под столом, они должны были "бекать" и "мекать" - имитировать тот скот, который должен водиться в следующем году.

In fact, Ukrainians were clearly not primitive a thousand years ago or at the time of the Trypil culture, perhaps on the contrary, it was calendar-ritual creativity that was the source from which our ancestors drew inspiration for highly skilled pottery, blacksmithing, writing Easter cards, etc. Christmas carols appeared in the calendar (which was then called Kol) in pagan times and are associated with the day of the winter solstice, which was called the holiday of Kolyada, or korotun. According to one of the legends, on this day the Sun eats the snake Korotun. In the waters of the Dnieper, the all-powerful goddess Kolyada gave birth to a new sun - little Bozhich. Pagans tried to protect the newborn. They chased away Corotun, who wanted to eat the new Sun, and then went from house to house to inform people about the birth of the new Sun.