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When Zorya came down, the celebration began. At this time, they first brought Didukh into the house. Under the table, under the tablecloth, under the dish - kutyu - they put straw, this straw woman, which in the current interpretation already symbolizes the manger in which Christ was born. And originally, it was probably a symbol of grain, a rich harvest. Garlic cloves were placed on the corners of the table - amulets against evil spirits. It all started with Didukh. No one sat down at the table until the father brought this Grandfather into the house.



Currently, winter in Ukraine is primarily associated with carols, which are sung on the holiday of Christmas (January 6-8 according to the new style). But carols were once pagan songs, against which the Orthodox Church initially waged an unsuccessful struggle and banned them. However, Kolyada rites proved to be very stable in Ukraine, marked in many ways by the features of pagan beliefs, reminiscent of both honoring the newborn sun and the cult of ancestors.

"В то время, когда не было ни земли, ни неба, только одно синее море - среди этого моря стояло два дуба, а на дубах сидели два голуба; голуби спустились на дно моря, достали песка и камня, из которых и создались земля, небо и небесные светила". Мифологический сюжет, отраженный в этой старинной колядке, существовал еще в эпоху скифов: на бронзовом рельефе из скифского кургана есть и дерево с птицами, и солнце, и луна. Подобные сюжеты можно найти и на украинских вышитых полотенцах вплоть до начала XX века.