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Carols and Christmas carols were extremely popular ritual songs among the people. Carols are sung from December 25 to January 7. They were timed to Christmas. And donations - before the New Year (according to the old style - January 14).
Christmas carols are the oldest folklore genre. They preserve the memory of the old tribal era and are associated with the winter turning of the sun into summer, which was called the holiday of Kolyada. It was celebrated on December 25 (old style), when the night was the longest. Nature seemed to freeze at this time. It was believed that the sun was eaten by the evil Korochun - a dark Slavic deity. The goddess of the sky Kolyada was giving birth to a new sun, a little Bozhich.

"В то время, когда не было ни земли, ни неба, только одно синее море - среди этого моря стояло два дуба, а на дубах сидели два голуба; голуби спустились на дно моря, достали песка и камня, из которых и создались земля, небо и небесные светила". Мифологический сюжет, отраженный в этой старинной колядке, существовал еще в эпоху скифов: на бронзовом рельефе из скифского кургана есть и дерево с птицами, и солнце, и луна. Подобные сюжеты можно найти и на украинских вышитых полотенцах вплоть до начала XX века.

In fact, Ukrainians were clearly not primitive a thousand years ago or at the time of the Trypil culture, perhaps on the contrary, it was calendar-ritual creativity that was the source from which our ancestors drew inspiration for highly skilled pottery, blacksmithing, writing Easter cards, etc. Christmas carols appeared in the calendar (which was then called Kol) in pagan times and are associated with the day of the winter solstice, which was called the holiday of Kolyada, or korotun. According to one of the legends, on this day the Sun eats the snake Korotun. In the waters of the Dnieper, the all-powerful goddess Kolyada gave birth to a new sun - little Bozhich. Pagans tried to protect the newborn. They chased away Corotun, who wanted to eat the new Sun, and then went from house to house to inform people about the birth of the new Sun.