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Currently, winter in Ukraine is primarily associated with carols, which are sung on the holiday of Christmas (January 6-8 according to the new style). But carols were once pagan songs, against which the Orthodox Church initially waged an unsuccessful struggle and banned them. However, Kolyada rites proved to be very stable in Ukraine, marked in many ways by the features of pagan beliefs, reminiscent of both honoring the newborn sun and the cult of ancestors.
As a rudiment of ancient magical rituals, carols and bounties called on the gods (pagan "Oy Dazhdbozhe!", transformed into "Oh God!") to give the master (or mistress, servant, girl) good health and economic prosperity (which in ancient times was the obverse and reverse of the same medal), associated with a good harvest, favorable conditions for cultivating the land, profits for the lord (especially livestock). By means of artistic similes, epithets, metaphors, the owner, members of his family are glorified and praised, to whom they wish good fortune, health, love, good marriages, etc.
Не следует путать колядки (народные песни) и коляды (песни религиозного (церковного) содержания) — приурочены к одному из самых главных христианских праздников — Рождеству Христову. Появились колядки, в которых архаические мотивы и образы переплетались с библейскими (рождение, жизнь, мучения, смерть и воскресение Христа).
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