мемберс звер 462 ындекс гтмл

 

Митрополит Василий Липкивский так характеризовал колядки в рождественской проповеди "Значение колядок": Как хорошо в наших колядках сочетаются и останки этого еще языческого времени и величественный свет веры Христовой на нашей чисто народной, национальной почве! Колядки, это, безусловно, чисто народное произведение, и по содержанию, и по пению, но вместе с развитием народной жизни на содержание колядок оказывались разные влияния, и больше всего, безусловно, со стороны духовной науки. Во времена развития наших украинских братств и братских школ, бурсаки этих школ и их учителя, которые в ту пору добывали себе жизнь пением кантов и колядок по праздникам, внесли много школьной науки в колядки…

Themes, melodies, the form of carols and carols, and caroling customs show signs of deep antiquity. It is the walking of a group of carolers with a certain role distribution, and sometimes with instrumental accompaniment, that suggests a similarity with groups of merry buffoons of the princely era. The themes of carols and charity songs are agriculture and the family - its life and well-being (other themes occupy a relatively small place: military-hunting, fantasy-fairy tale, love, biblical motifs). All these songs of majestic content are sung specifically to the master, the mistress, the servant, the girl.

The group of winter calendar songs consists of carols and Christmas songs. These are majestic songs of Ukrainian farmers, related to the Proto-Slavic cult of the Sun. The ancestors of Ukrainians celebrated three phases of the sun - spring equinox, summer and winter solstice. The New Year began for the ancient Slavs from the vernal equinox (as, after all, in other European nations). Only later, the celebration of the beginning of the new year was moved to the time of the winter solstice (somewhere from the 14th century). There is a hypothesis that the very name of the holiday - "carol" - and the songs - "carols" comes from the name of the New Year in Ancient Rome (Calendae lanuarie), which indicates close contacts of Ukrainian-Slavic culture with Greco-Roman in pre-Christian times. In Ukrainian folklore, a peculiar "memory" of the spring New Year's ritual is the spring theme of many carols and Christmas carols. For example, F. Koless believes that the authentic name of the winter majestic songs in Ukrainian territory was actually "carols". Already in the 19th century, significant differences between carols and Christmas carols in terms of subject matter actually disappeared (V. Hnatiuk).