маджазын

 

In twelve holy nights, the golden-faced God was born - the young Sun - Dazhbog, the silvery Yasn-Moon and the holy Goddess-Mother of Water Dana, which means that everything lives on earth. "The God Kolyada comes into the world with light and good, defeating evil and darkness. In the Christmas of the sun, Kolyada is a festival of the light of Dazhbog, a great festival of Life, a festival of Ancestors, a festival of Happiness and Freedom. Everything on earth: man, all plant and animal life they honor the god Kolyada, the guardian of the young Bozhich-Sun, meeting the birth of the light of Dazhbozhie with the Holy Supper, Holy Thoughts and the Holy Unity of Souls.

From the beginning, these groups were all male, given that this ritual involves contact with death. Accordingly, women did not participate in it. We can already see how children and women carol. In fact, only men could do it. But, considering that this holiday is combined with the sun, the groups could not walk around the village chaotically. They followed the sun, and if it was a mountainous area, for example, the Carpathians, then they walked from below in a circle, climbing and going around each house. If the carolers did not enter a house, it means that a dead person's foot could be there, and this was a bad sign and they were very offended.

Отдельное место занимают церковные коляды авторского, книжного происхождения (Тихая ночь, Святая ночь; Новая радость стала; и другие). По словам Г.Лужницкого, "с колядками история украинского театра входит в фазу т.н. магии слова. Дух воображения примитивного человека был митический и магический, а колядки по своей генезе — это первоначальные магические формулы, где заклинатель является актером, потому что во время заклинание он играет роль будущего "я" или высшей силы".