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С самого начала эти группы были чисто мужские, учитывая, что этот ритуал предполагает контакт со смертью. Соответственно, женщины не участвовали в этом. Это уже сейчас мы видим как и детки колядующие, так и женщины. На самом деле это могли делать только мужчины. Но, учитывая, что этот праздник связан и с солнцем, группы не могли ходить по селу хаотично. Они ходили именно за солнцем, а если это была горная местность, например Карпаты, то они шли снизу по кругу, поднимаясь и обходя каждый дом. Если колядники не заходили в какой-нибудь дом, то это значит туда могла стать нога мертвеца, а это было глупым знаком и на них очень обижались.
Subsequently, with the introduction of the Christian religion as a state religion in Russia (the so-called "baptism of Russia"), the rite of caroling was adapted to the celebration of Christmas. Priests and monks created new religious carols with biblical images, which also gained great popularity among the people. Prominent composers undertook the processing and restoration of carols: Mykola Lysenko, Stanislav Lyudkevich, and others. In carols, according to tradition, all members of the family were honored: the master, the mistress, the boyfriend, the girlfriend. The caroling was combined with a corresponding theatrical performance, dances, and music. They caroled in groups, having previously distributed responsibilities: chieftain "birch", "star", "mihonosha" and "ryajeni". Metropolitan Vasyl Lypkivskyi described Christmas carols as follows in his Christmas sermon "The Meaning of Christmas Carols":
And after that, the Christmas meal began. At the same time, it was necessarily taken into account that the souls of deceased ancestors can come to the house on this day. So many utensils were placed on the table, but it was not possible to use sharp objects, taking into account those people who died this year, or, for example, as the war is now, taking into account those who are currently on the road, somewhere far away. Later, this tradition began to change. Each new religion tries to either destroy the previous one, or level it, or conquer it. We are seeing a transformation. Instead of the Sun, we have the Star of Bethlehem. Accordingly, carolers already go with Zora, not with Sonechka. Instead of pre-Christian carols, we have Christian carols. The Saints appear, the same kutya and twelve dishes appear, symbolizing initially the number of months, and later the number of Saints.
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