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In ancient times, people could not understand how a person takes iron, which is hard, strong, and transforms it into other objects with the help of fire. It was a very sacred image. Therefore, we have surnames associated with the token "blacksmith" most common throughout the world. In Ukrainian - Koval, Kovalenko, Kovalchuk, etc. In Russia - Kuznetsov, in Poland - Kowalski, in Germany - Schmidt, in England - Smith. This is all related to blacksmithing, because it is the most sacred profession on earth. Remember, for example, fairy tales. Where the blacksmith goes to the Snake to reforge the voice, because it is the blacksmith who can reforge.
Обо всем этом поется в колядках, известных далеко еще до начала христианских времен на Украине это проявляется и в обычных обрядах, как вот: двенадцать поленьев, двенадцать святочерних блюд, призывы на ужин мороза, волка, черной бури и злых ветров, дедушек на углу, сено на столе. Все эти движения, действия и слова, на первый взгляд не имеющие никакого значения в жизни человека, веют на сердце каждого из нас волшебством родной стихии и являются для души живущим бальзамом, наполняющим его могучей силой.
"Shedryvky" are ritual songs performed on a generous evening, the evening on the eve of the new year. They usually began with the words of greeting: "Generous evening, good evening." In the distant past, this type of song differed from other holiday songs, today it differs in that it is sung in Ukraine and in Ukrainian-speaking villages of the region. At the time when we now celebrate Christmas, once upon a time, even before Christianity, in Ukraine there was a holiday of the winter solstice. It was the time of divination for the coming year; and that is why we still have a whole series of pre-Christian elements in Christmas customs, whose purpose was to call for a good harvest in the following year, wealth and prosperity in the house of the master, lucky catches for the hunter, a wedding for a girl and a happy journey for a young man - a prince's wife or the prince himself. All the natural forces of nature are appeased and called upon not to harm people and livestock.
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