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Carols and Christmas carols were extremely popular ritual songs among the people. Carols are sung from December 25 to January 7. They were timed to Christmas. And donations - before the New Year (according to the old style - January 14).
Christmas carols are the oldest folklore genre. They preserve the memory of the old tribal era and are associated with the winter turning of the sun into summer, which was called the holiday of Kolyada. It was celebrated on December 25 (old style), when the night was the longest. Nature seemed to freeze at this time. It was believed that the sun was eaten by the evil Korochun - a dark Slavic deity. The goddess of the sky Kolyada was giving birth to a new sun, a little Bozhich.

Why New Year and Christmas are associated with the Sun If we talk about traditional Christmas, we need to look back to ancient pre-Christian times, when it was believed that the world was born at this time. That is, the world dies in one form, is born in another - the New Year is born. At Christmas, since ancient times, it was believed that such religious holidays were connected with the cycles of the solstice. Christmas, Christmas is the winter solstice. It was believed that the border between the worlds narrows to such an extent that it becomes so thin that a transition from one world to another is possible.

Группу зимних календарных песен составляют колядки и щедривки. Это величественные песни украинских земледельцев, связанные с праславянским культом Солнца. Предки украинцев отмечали три фазы солнца – весеннее равноденствие, летнее и зимнее солнцестояние. Новый год начинался у древних славян от весеннего равноденствия (как, наконец, и у других европейских народов). Лишь впоследствии празднование начала нового года было перенесено на время зимнего солнцестояния (где-то с XIV века).